Have A First Aid Kit
Your first aid kit should include the following items:
Thermometer. A horse’s normal temperature is 100-101.5 degrees F. It goes above this, then there might be an infection or other illness.
Antiseptic spray. In the case of a surface wound, it should be cleaned with antiseptic spray, or blue spray. Do not spray out a deep or open wound, but contact a vet for assistance.
Bandages. For wounds that are bleeding profusely, it is best to cover the wound with a damp cloth until help can arrive. Call your vet immediately.
Checking The Vital Signs
Taking a Pulse. The pulse rate for a horse is usually 35-40 beats per
minute. It is taken by pressing the index finger and middle finger against the artery at the back of the jaw. Your vet will want to know if your horse's pulse is significantly higher or lower than this target rate.
Poor leg conformation. A healthy horse can stand squarely on all four legs. Just looking at the tracks can help determine the nature of the problem. Poor leg conformation will be obvious if the prints are not completely straight, and can be indicative of larger problems.
As mentioned before, there are certain Horse Medical Procedures that should not be attempted without a vet present. Be certain to contact a vet the moment you suspect any sort of ailment on your horse that you are not confident you can handle on your own.
Horse Breeds 
Horse Health - Medical 
